Divine will/divine command moral theories and the problem of arbitrariness

نویسنده

  • THOMAS L. CARSON
چکیده

A well-known objection to divine will/divine command moral theories is that they commit us to the view that God’s will is arbitrary. I argue that several versions of divine will/divine command moral theories, including two of Robert Adams’s versions of the DCT and my own divine preference theory, can be successfully defended against this objection. I argue that, even if God’s preferences are somewhat arbitrary, we have reasons to conform our wills to them. It is not a fatal objection to divine will/divine command moral theories if they imply that God’s will/God’s commands is/are arbitrary, to some extent. Putting God in charge of morality is one way to solve the problem [the problem of whether ‘the distinction between right and wrong’ is ‘real’], of course, but Plato made short work of it  years ago. Does God have a good reason for designating certain acts as moral and others as immoral? If not – his dictates are divine whims –why should we take them seriously? Suppose that God commanded us to torture a child. Would that make it all right, or would some other standard give us reasons to resist? And if, on the other hand, God was forced by moral reasons to issue some dictates and not others – if a command to torture a child was never an option – then why not appeal to those reasons directly.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

A Comparative Study of the “Ideal Observer” in Meta-ethics and the “Divine Command” Theory

The two theories of “ideal observer” and “divine command” are theories on constructionism and voluntarism. According to the ideal theory, ethical realities are defined based on the attitudes of the assumed ideal observers and the foundation of these theories is formed on negation of the independent ethical realities. Therefore, existence of independent and evident ethical realities based on whi...

متن کامل

A Defensible Divine Command Theory

The term 'The Divine Command Theory of Ethics' is similar to 'The Ontological Argument' in that there is no unique entity deserving of that title. Rather, there is a multiplicity of theories, each of which is appropriately taken to be a divine command theory. The strongest versions are, if not the finest, at least definist. That is, according to these versions moral predicates, such as 'is obli...

متن کامل

The Relation of Intellectual and Religious Goodness and Badness in Isma`il`s Sacrifice

Through formulating the conflict between reason and religion, in this study the point of conflict is determined. Then, explaining the intellectual and religious badness and goodness (divine command theory), their relation with Ismail`s sacrifice will be analyzed. According to theory of divine command, ethical knowledge will have a maximum dependence on religion. When we present this principle t...

متن کامل

A Semantic Attack on Divine-command Meta Ethics

According to divine-command metaethics (DCM), whatever is morally good or right has that status because, and only because, it conforms to God:� will. I argue that DCM is false or vacuous: either DCM is false, or else there are no instantiated moral properties, and no moral truths, to which DCM can even apply. The sort of criticism I offer is familiar, but I develop it in what I believe is a nov...

متن کامل

The Levitical Dietary Laws in the Light of Modern Science

Leviticus 11 presents dietary laws, specifying which animals are "clean" ( edible) and "unclean" (inedible). Nine major theories to account for these dietary laws are described in this paper, giving arguments pro and con regarding each. The theories discussed are the Obedience Testing, Arbitrary Divine Command, Assertion of Divine Authority, Moral Discipline, Hygiene, Spiritual Symbolism, Pagan...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2012